Capital: Frankfort

State abbreviation/Postal code: Ky./KY

Governor: Ernie Fletcher, R (to Dec. 2007)

Lieut. Governor: Stephen B. Pence, R (to Dec. 2007)

Senators: Jim Bunning, R (to Jan. 2011); Mitch McConnell, R (to Jan. 2009)

U.S. Representatives: 6

Secy. of State: C.M. “Trey” Grayson, R (to Dec. 2007)

Treasurer: Jonathan Miller, D (to Dec. 2007)

Atty. General: Gregory D. Stumbo, D (to Dec. 2007)

Entered Union (rank): June 1, 1792 (15)

Present constitution adopted: 1891

Motto: United we stand, divided we fall

State Symbols:

Kentucky was the first region west of the Allegheny Mountains to be settled by American pioneers. James Harrod established the first permanent settlement at Harrodsburg in 1774; the following year Daniel Boone, who had explored the area in 1767, blazed the Wilderness Trail and founded Boonesboro.

Politically, the Kentucky region was originally part of Virginia, but early statehood was gained in 1792. During the Civil War, as a slaveholding state with a considerable abolitionist population, Kentucky was caught in the middle of the conflict, supplying both Union and Confederate forces with thousands of troops.

In recent years, manufacturing has shown important gains, particularly in automotive assembly and parts manufacturing. Kentucky also prides itself on producing some of the nation's best tobacco, horses, and whiskey. Corn, soybeans, wheat, fruit, hogs, cattle, and dairy products are among the agricultural items produced.

Among the manufactured items produced in the state are motor vehicles, furniture, aluminum ware, brooms, apparel, lumber products, machinery, textiles, and iron and steel products. Kentucky also produces significant amounts of petroleum, natural gas, fluorspar, clay, and stone. However, coal accounts for 90% of the total mineral income.

Louisville, the largest city, famed for the Kentucky Derby at Churchill Downs, is also the location of a large state university, whiskey distilleries, and cigarette factories. The Bluegrass country around Lexington is the home of some of the world's finest race horses. Other attractions are Mammoth Cave, the George S. Patton, Jr., Military Museum at Fort Knox, and Old Fort Harrod State Park.

Nickname: Bluegrass State

Origin of name: From an Iroquoian word "Ken-tah-ten" meaning "land of tomorrow"

10 largest cities (2005 est.): Louisville/Jefferson County, 556,429; Lexington-Fayette, 268,080; Owensboro, 55,459; Bowling Green, 52,272; Covington, 42,811; Richmond, 30,893; Hopkinsville, 28,821; Henderson, 27,666; Frankfort, 27,210; Florence, 26,349

Land area: 39,728 sq mi. (102,896 sq km)

Geographic center: In Marion Co., 3 mi. NNW of Lebanon

Number of counties: 120

Largest county by population and area: Jefferson, 699,827 (2005); Pike, 787 sq mi.

State forests: 5 (35,809 ac.)

State parks: 52

Residents: Kentuckian

2005 resident population est.: 4,173,405

2000 resident census population (rank): 4,041,769 (25). Male: 1,975,368 (48.9%); Female: 2,066,401 (51.1%). White: 3,640,889 (90.1%); Black: 295,994 (7.3%); American Indian: 8,616 (0.2%); Asian: 29,744 (0.7%); Other race: 22,623 (0.6%); Two or more races: 42,443 (1.1%); Hispanic/Latino: 59,939 (1.5%). 2000 percent population 18 and over: 75.4; 65 and over: 12.5; median age: 35.9.