Location: Serbia and Montenegro are about the size of the state of Kentucky and largely mountainous. The northeastern section of Serbia is part of the rich, fertile Danubian Plain drained by the Danube, Tisa, Sava, and Morava River systems. Montenegro is a jumbled mass of mountains, containing also some grassy slopes and fertile river valleys.

National name: Srbija-Crna Gora

Area: 39,449 sq. mi. (102,350 sq. km)

Arable land: n.a. Agriculture: cereals, fruit, vegetables, tobacco, olives, cattle, sheep, goats.

Labor force: n.a.: industry, 41%; services, 35%; trade and tourism, 12%; transportation and communication, 7%; agriculture, 5% (1994).

Industries: machine building (aircraft, trucks, and automobiles, tanks and weapons, electrical equipment, agricultural machinery), metallurgy (steel, aluminum, copper, lead, zinc, chromium, antimony, bismuth, cadmium), mining (coal, bauxite, nonferrous ore, iron ore, limestone), consumer goods (textiles, footwear, foodstuffs, appliances), electronics, petroleum products, chemicals, and pharmaceuticals.

Exports: $2.3 billion (1998 est.): manufactured goods, food and live animals, raw materials.

Imports: $3.9 billion (1998 est.): machinery and transport equipment, fuel and lubricants, manufactured goods, chemicals, food and live animals, raw materials.

Major trading partners: Bosnia and Herzegovina, Italy, the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Germany, Russia.

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President: Vojislav Kostunica (2000)

Prime Minister: Zoran Zizic (2000)

Population (2000 est.): 10,662,087 (Montenegro: 680,158, Serbia: 9,981,929) (average annual rate of natural increase: Montenegro: 0.7%, Serbia: 0.1%); birth rate: Montenegro: 14.9/1000, Serbia: 12.2/1000; infant mortality rate: Montenegro: 11/1000, Serbia: 20.1/1000; density per sq. mi.: 270

Capital and largest city (1994 est.): Belgrade, 1,168,454

Other large cities: Novi Sad, 179,626; Nis, 175,391; Pristina, 155,499

Monetary unit: Yugoslav new dinar

Languages: Serbo-Croatian 95%, Albanian 5%

Ethnicity/race: Serbs 63%, Albanians 14%, Montenegrins 6%, Hungarians 4%, other 13%

Religions: Orthodox 65%, Muslim 19%, Roman Catholic 4%, Protestant 1%, other 11%

Literacy rate: 91%

Economic summary: GDP/PPP (1998 est.): $25.4 billion; per capita $2,300.

Real growth rate: 3.5% (1998 est.).

Inflation: 48% (1998 est.).

Unemployment: more than 35% (1995 est.).

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Telephones: main lines in use: 2.017 million (1995); mobile cellular: 38,552 (1999).

Radio broadcast stations: AM 113, FM 194, shortwave 2 (1998).

Radios: 3.15 million (1997).

Television broadcast stations: more than 771 (including 86 strong stations and 685 low-power stations, plus 20 repeaters in the principal networks; also numerous local or private stations in Serbia and Vojvodina) (1997).

Televisions: 2.75 million (1997). Internet Service Providers (ISPs): 6 (1999).

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Railways: total: 4,095 km.

Highways: total: 48,603 km;
paved: 28,822 km (including 560 km of expressways);
unpaved: 19,781 km (1998 est.)
note: because of the 1999 Kosovo conflict, many road bridges were destroyed; since the end of the conflict in June 1999, Serbia has had a rapid reconstruction program to either reconstruct bridges or build by-pass routes.

Waterways: 587 km; Danube River runs through Serbia connecting Europe with the Black Sea; in early 2000 the river was obstructed at Novi Sad due to a pontoon bridge; a canal system in north Serbia is available to by-pass damage, however, lock size is limited (1999).

Ports and harbors: Bar, Belgrade, Kotor, Novi Sad, Pancevo, Tivat, Zelenika.

Airports: 48 (Serbia 43, Montenegro 5) (1999 est.).

International disputes: disputes with Bosnia and Herzegovina over Serbian populated areas; Albanian majority in Kosovo seeks independence from Serbian republic; Serbia and Montenegro is disputing Croatia's claim to the Prevlaka Peninsula in southern Croatia because it controls the entrance to Boka Kotorska in Montenegro; Prevlaka is currently under observation by the UN military observer mission in Prevlaka (UNMOP); the border commission formed by The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia and Serbia and Montenegro in April 1996 to resolve differences in delineation of their border has made no progress so far.

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