Background
The world's third smallest state also claims to be the world's oldest republic, founded by Saint Marinus (for whom the country is named) in 301 A. D. San Marino's foreign policy is aligned with that of Italy. Social and political trends in the republic also track closely with those of its larger neighbor.
Population: 26,937 (July 2000 est.)
Age structure:
- 0-14 years: 16% (male 2,181; female 2,038)
- 15-64 years: 68% (male 8,992; female 9,425)
- 65 years and over: 16% (male 1,849; female 2,452) (2000 est.)
Population growth rate: 1.49% (2000 est.)
Birth rate: 10.88 births/1,000 population (2000 est.)
Death rate: 7.65 deaths/1,000 population (2000 est.)
Net migration rate: 11.62 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2000 est.)
Sex ratio:
- at birth: 1 male(s)/female
- under 15 years: 1.07 male(s)/female
- 15-64 years: 0.95 male(s)/female
- 65 years and over: 0.75 male(s)/female
- total population: 0.94 male(s)/female (2000 est.)
Infant mortality rate: 6.33 deaths/1,000 live births (2000 est.)
Life expectancy at birth:
- total population: 81.14 years
- male: 77.57 years
- female: 85.02 years (2000 est.)
Total fertility rate: 1.29 children born/woman (2000 est.)
Nationality:
- noun: Sammarinese (singular and plural)
- adjective: Sammarinese
Ethnic groups: Sammarinese, Italian
Religions: Roman Catholic
Languages: Italian
Literacy:
- definition: age 10 and over can read and write
- total population: 96%
- male: 97%
- female: 95% (1976 est.)
Geography
Location: Southern Europe, an enclave in central Italy
Geographic coordinates: 43 46 N, 12 25 E
Map references: Europe
Area:
- total: 60.5 sq km
- land: 60.5 sq km
- water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative: about 0.3 times the size of Washington, DC
Land boundaries:
- total: 39 km
- border countries: Italy 39 km
- Coastline: 0 km (landlocked)
Maritime claims: none (landlocked)
Climate: Mediterranean; mild to cool winters; warm, sunny summers
Terrain: rugged mountains
Elevation extremes:
- lowest point: Torrente Ausa 55 m
- highest point: Monte Titano 749 m
Natural resources: building stone
Land use:
- arable land: 17%
- permanent crops: 0%
- permanent pastures: 0%
- forests and woodland: 0%
- other: 83% (1993 est.)
Irrigated land: NA sq km
Natural hazards: NA
Environment - current issues: NA
Environment - international agreements:
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Nuclear Test Ban
signed, but not ratified: Air Pollution
Geography - note: landlocked; smallest independent state in Europe after the Holy See and Monaco; dominated by the Apennines
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